Warrior

He was young for his type of cancer - squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. I can't remember if he was a smoker or not, I don't think it matters, because those little details tend to deceive us into judging whether a patient "deserves" their cancer or not, and no one deserves a diagnosis of cancer. His tumor fell into the "organ preservation" limb of treatment, and he underwent weeks of grueling radiation and chemotherapy with his wife steadfastly by his side. The first few scans came back clean, then a year or so after treatment - recurrence. The cancer would prove to be a formidable enemy.

"Salvage laryngectomy" is the term we use when our first treatment has failed for voice box cancer and the ultimate decision is to be more aggressive and wield cold steel and hot cautery against our opponent. I think in some ways the term is quite poignant. It implies a battle of sorts raging within the body - treatments and human will versus the scourge of the malignancy infiltrating the tissues. Poetic interruptions aside, it meant the patient lost his ability to speak when we removed his larynx in an attempt to also in turn remove the cancer. Once again, a period of reprieve and healing. He became artful in speaking with the electrolarynx, attacking this new challenge the way he had all other challenges before then. But once again, the cancer returned with a ferocity, infiltrating the skin around where his airway now exited from his neck.

"Peristomal recurrence" is the term we use when the cancer returns in such a location. In general, it is considered a very poor prognostic sign. The type of sign where all you have to do is utter the term and those knowledgable to the lingo simply nod their head sadly, understanding that you're implying the chance cure is essentially zero.

And so it went on, another round of chemotherapy. More radiation. More chemotherapy. Experimental regimens that were so new or different they weren't even clinical trials yet. He lost a lot of weight. Nausea. A tube was placed through his skin into his stomach. His tumor grew larger. He was hospitalized. His tumor grew larger. He had bleeding. He spent time in the ICU. His tumor grew larger. He had abdominal pain. That earned him a surgery, and more pain, only to find that the cancer had further metastasized. His tumor grew larger. He would spend the last few months of his life in the hospital, until one night he quietly passed.

The unfortunate fact is that half of head & neck cancer patients in an academic institution will succumb to their cancer. His story, however, struck a chord with me.

Our team was frustrated with his care. We had tried many times to lay out prognosis to him, to arrange end of life care, to make him comfortable. But he would always talk about the next round of treatment. He would always talk about the day when his cancer would be gone for good. In fact, up until the end, he talked quite a bit. About his favorite football team and the upcoming season. About his rec sports league and the joy he got from the competition. He struck he as the scrappy small guy you hated to compete against but always wanted on your team. Ultimately, he always equated palliative care with quitting no matter how how we tried to frame the conversation. We, the team of residents caring for him, had trouble with transferring our own opinions onto his life. We saw the last few months spent in the hospital as time wasted, unnecessary pain and suffering. (And wasted healthcare dollars if you work in Washington). Some would paint his case as a failure of our medical system to navigate end of life care. Every day as we passed through his room we were left with a dampening of our spirits, a daily reminder of our own mortality, and the futility of our care at times. He was the other, more real, 50% of head & neck cancer patients.

I think when it comes down to it, he derived value and meaning from the fight. And I think he measured the worth of his life in the end by how hard he fought. He was a warrior. He outlived prediction after prediction. 6 months to live. 3 months to live. 1 month to live. He tolerated an inhumane amount of painful and debilitating treatments. He demonstrated the tenacity of human will.

And ultimately, I can't help but admire his story. In the end, I think, it was a good death. A death befitting a warrior.

Big Boy Pants

Intern year is a weird limbo of sorts. In some ways, you're still like a medical student(+). Your activities consist some days mostly of carrying out other peoples orders throughout the day. The things you do handle independently are mostly algorithmic. Manage this patient's pain regimen. Work up this patient's chest pain. Evaluate this patient's shortness of breath. Put in this patient's admission orders. Anything beyond that, you are generally encouraged to page up the food chain to residents above you (or discouraged from handling these things on your own, depending on how you look at it).

But the other day I had to put on my big boy pants.

Due to a combination of the chief resident being out of town, one of our residents being post call, and the last one being in the OR all day, I was gifted with the responsibility of handling the otolaryngology consult pager for the day. The ENT consult pager is an interesting beast. Most of the time, our consults are something very benign and not particularly time-sensitive. The little old lady with an incidental mass found on imaging when she presented with stroke symptoms. The level 3 trauma with the mandible fracture. The cheek laceration in the motor vehicle accident. But the consult pager is also a terrifying thing, because it is also the emergent airway pager. These are very rare, but present. So every time the pager goes off your heart rate jumps a couple clicks.

Luckily, I escaped without an airway emergencies. However, I did pick up an emergency department consult later in the afternoon. It was supposed to be a curbside consult. "We have a patient with sinusitis and I was wondering whats the best imaging test to order." I ask to hear more about the patient, and there was enough concerning bits about the story I say "you know, we should probably formally consult and lay eyes on this patient." Go to evaluate the patient. Run the story by the chief on call, who is already home for the day. Get the imaging ordered. Read through the images with the chief, and decide the patient has to go to the OR. Immediately. Staff with the attending on call. Get the case booked, talk to the ED resident, explain the findings to the patient, answer questions, get the consent.

As the patient is being wheeled into the OR, the chief and attending still have not shown up, and I realize... I'm the only person who has physically seen this patient.

The necessary powers show up. The attending sits at the computer checking email and the chief ends up taking me through the case in its entirety. Whether it was luck or whatever may be, I end up being right, the operation was appropriate, and everything goes smoothly. With the case complete, I put in the admission orders and go and talk to the family.

When I finally get home later that evening, I think back on the whole sequence of events. It was a fairly straightforward consult. But I was the one who decided we needed to formally consult. I was the one who saw the patient, took the history, performed the physical exam, performed the endoscopy, and ordered the imaging. I was the one who talked to the patient about the findings, talked about the implications, obtained consent, booked the operation, performed the surgery, and talked to the family afterwards. From the patient's perspective, and from the family's, I was the only person they had seen and talked to. I was their doctor.

That was a profound feeling.

I know that is the endpoint for residency, to be able to independently evaluate and treat patients who come under you care. And I know that my chief and attending had my back, and if it wasn't something straightforward, they would have been there to see things over in person. But for someone still so green at all of this, it was a refreshing (and, in some ways, terrifying) experience to be the point person for everything.

The patient did great and went home the next day. I saw him on morning rounds, staffed with the attending by phone, and put in his discharge orders. He is scheduled to follow-up with the attending surgeon in two weeks for post-operative care. And part of me wonders what he will think when he shows up for his appointment and my attending, a person he never met, opens the door to the exam room.

I think I'll try to be there.

Survey says...

Oh, hello. Didn't notice you there. Been distracted with this thing called "life" the past 2 1/2 months. Amazing how as my clinical responsibilities tail off, other things find a way to take their place.

Anyways, time to share the verdict. As I had said before, I was a late switch onto the ENT track (during the first half of my third year) and I approached the match process with more than a bit of apprehension. I was a good student, sure. I had the necessary board scores. But I hadn't set up any free clinics in Africa or presidented any associations or covered my walls with awards from medical school. I think I can fairly call myself a fairly "average" ENT applicant. That being said, I believe myself to be a very likable person, a hard worker, have a good rapport with patients, and I tend to be efficient & pick up things fairly quickly. As a result, I feel like the feedback I received from residents was that I was someone they would absolutely love to work with, and that I would interview very well. I think my LORs represented that fairly well.

I think it was difficult for me coming from a medical school in which a lot of students go into primary care and very few (4 in the last 5 years) go into ENT. I felt like I didn't have a good roadmap paved by former grads like some of my classmates did. I applied to 45 programs, which felt like an extraordinary amount of programs compared to my peds/FM/IM classmates who were applying to 15-20. In hindsight, I probably would have applied to 15-20 more.

In the end, I was probably lucky, but I net a good number of interview offers, and attended 11 interviews. The ones I did not attend were primarily due to conflict with other interview dates and inability to get to the destination program on time. So I basically accepted all comers. I ranked all 11 programs I interviewed at, because, on a whole, I was blown away by the quality of ENT programs across the board - seems like there really are no bad programs out there.

Making the rank list was incredibly difficult. I felt like I was perseverating over minor shades of gray concerning issues that really aren't that important for the quality of your training. But you need to sort out programs in some way, so I had to choose some points which were more important to me than others. The most important thing driving my rank list was the surgical volume and quality of surgical training. Overall, when I asked myself "what is my real goal in residency?", being comfortable with performing the breadth of ENT procedures was my #1 priority. Along those lines, I also ranked programs higher if they had a well rounded faculty and a good track record of sending graduates into both fellowship and private practicen and departments that were stable and growing. Second most important was the intangible camaraderie I felt amongst the residents and with the residents and staff. I favored programs where I could see myself having fun at work over programs where the residents tended to work then go home to their lives. The size and atmosphere of the city of the program also played a factor. Less important to me was weather, distance from home, cost of living, call schedule, etc.

I consider myself a fairly even-keeled person, and I didn't work myself up too much over the whole match process. But the week before match week, my id kicked in. I had nightmares I didn't match because I didn't certify my rank order list. Dreams I matched at my #1. Nightmares I matched at my home program but was failing as a resident. The subconscious is a crazy thing. The Monday of match week was one of the most nauseating mornings of my life. I'm lucky I am on a clinical rotation and had rounds to distract me, but from 8:30-9am, I was dreading the buzz of my iPhone on my belt. Finally, the buzz came and it took me a good 30 seconds to work up the courage to open the email.

"Congratulations, you have successfully matched!"

I don't know if what I felt at that moment was elation, excitement, or relief - probably a combination of all three. But it felt like a huge weight had been lifted off my shoulders. I didn't care where I ended up - I had matched into ENT. The rest of the week was a blur. I actually slept like a baby Wednesday night, unlike some of my classmates. But when Thursday morning arrived, the nausea returned. Turns out, I DID care where I would be spending the next half a decade plus of my life. The 30 minutes between 9 and 9:30am, mingling with friends and classmates, felt like 3 hours.

The moment came, and they opened the door to our "match room" where all our envelopes were located. I got my envelope and shimmied out of the cattle drive. I held the envelope for what felt like several minutes, then opened it slowly.

I had matched at my #2 program.

My response went somewhat in the sequence of shock -> excitement -> shock -> doubt -> shock -> excitement & doubt. I hadn't really considered the possibility of matching to my #2 program a whole lot, because I saw it as somewhat of a reach for an applicant of my stature. Frankly, it seemed out of my league. So, internalizing the reality that - (1) I had matched there (2) I was actually going there (3) I was moving there in 3 months - took more than a while to process. Frankly, I think I am still processing it. But the more it sinks in, the more excited I become.

So, yeah. All those hours spent slaving away over syllabi the first two years. The grueling days spent studying for Step 1. The mindless times spent crunching charts of research in front of my laptop. The long days and late nights of third year. My sub-i and aways. The pre-rounds, rounds, and presentations. The writeups and scut. That f'ing personal statement. The countless hours spent on airplanes and countless nights spent in hotel rooms. All of it brought me to this point. The finality of it is daunting, in a way. But in 3 months, I will be moving thousands of miles away from my home, my friends and family, to start the process of becoming a physician and surgeon for the next half decade of my life. There is something incredibly intimidating and exhilarating about that reality.

2k11: Things I've Learned On The Interview Trail

Long hiatus from blogging. Hard to find time for much on the interview trail when you're constantly switching time zones, packing/repacking the suitcase, and hustling to catch the next flight. I took a true "vacation" over the holidays and checked out from anything academic... first time in over 2 years.

Anyways, with a month spent traveling, thought I'd past along some tips from my own experiences and experiences of classmates and fellow applicants:
1. If at all humanly possible, downsize to only a check on bag
Yes, checked luggage does get lost, and it does happen to medical students. The risk of your luggage going lost increases exponentially if your flight gets delayed, or you have 1+ connections, and the last thing you want is to arrive in a city without your suit. Trust me, it happens every year and it happened to a few people I know this year. So go to the store and get those little 3 oz toiletries, and make it work. If you're having trouble fitting everything, wear your suit on the plane. The peace of mind is worth it.

2. TripIt.com
Interviews can be a logistical nightmare with all the airline flights, hotel confirmations, car rentals, etc. I was lucky I stumbled across this little gem, tripit.com. It allows you to create individual "trips" for each of your interviews and keep track off all your flight information, confirmation codes, addresses of interview dinners, and even gives you maps. They have an iPhone and Droid and you can access it online from any Smartphone or laptop. Plus it syncs so you don't need web access to retrieve your info. It's been a lifesaver as far as keeping everything in one place and being able to pull it up at a moment's notice. Plus it's free.

3. Research your hotels
The "recommended" hotels provided by programs are not all nice places to stay (learned that the hard way), and often are not the cheapest or closest places. Before you book anywhere, google the hotel and read some of the reviews to weed out the stinkers. You also want to make sure you are at a place with an iron (so you aren't crumpled on interview day) and internet access (for checking into flights and for sanity). If you have a rental car or there are limited hotels in the area around your interview, you can often get away with using hotline.com to get a deal as well. At one interview, there was only one hotel by the medical campus, and even with the "medical discount" it was still $100+ a night. I did a hotline search for the area, found the hotel (even though it was hidden, I knew it was the one) and was able to book for $68 a night. These little savings add up in an expensive endeavor.

4. When possible, book extra time in a city when you visit
It's impossible to get a feel for a city when you're around only for your interview day. When possible, I'd try to get in earlier the day before or stay the night after and see the city a bit. Plus, this whole process is supposed to be kind of FUN. It's way more fun when you have time to explore a bit and try out some cool little restaurants or walk around a downtown of a city you've never been in before.

Along the same lines, if you have an opportunity to stay with friends, take it up in a heartbeat. On one trek, I had a 4 day layoff between two interviews and didn't want to fly the 2000 miles home in between, so I made a quick jump up to a city 500 miles north and stayed with a friend I hadn't seen in 7 years. Made the trip much more enjoyable and I saved some money on airfare in the process.

5. If you're going to drink, tread carefully.
Many of the social dinners are open bars, and occasionally the residents and/or faculty will take you out beyond that. Don't be afraid to have fun, but also tread carefully. The last thing you want to be known as is the applicant who was sloppy or did something inappropriate. I have seen this happen at several of the social events. Interviews are exhausting and stressful, so feel free to have a drink or two, but know your limits.

6. Take notes
After a couple of interviews, the places start to blend together. Use the flight out of the city as an excuse to take 30 minutes and go stream-of-consciousness on a tablet of paper. It helps when you're trying to remember your impressions from places weeks later. It gets old, but at the same time I have no idea who I'd make me rank list without it.

7. Exercise and hydrate
When changing time zones a lot, your body gets really confused. When sitting on planes a lot, your muscles atrophy. When eating airport food and drinking airport coffee, you gain weight and get dehydrated. Bring along some running shoes and workout clothes and hit the pavement or the hotel gym when possible. You'll feel better and sleep better. And trust me, you want to be rested for your interview day. I've had two interviews already where I was absolutely exhausted the day of and between the powerpoint presentations and repetitive questions, it was very, very difficult to stay locked in. Do everything you can to help your energy level.

8. Relax
90% of my interviews have been very casual and very conversational. Even the more difficult ones have been because of interesting personalities or "behavior-based" questions. Even the curveballs have been fairly soft, so try to relax when the interviews come up. After the first couple interviews, you'll be in a flow and already have a rote response for 90% of the questions that will come your way.

Four interviews left then it's time to create my rank list. CRAZY.

Friendly Reminders

One of the nice things about traveling so much is it has afforded me the opportunity to read-for-pleasure for the first time in several years. I just finished digesting this 500 page behemoth:

A fictional tale of twins born to a disgraced nun slash scrub nurse in Ethiopia, the tale follows the narrative of one of the boys as he grew up in Ethiopia to two physician parents working in a small mission hospital. The protagonist follows in his parents footsteps of medicine, ultimately coming to America to train as a general surgeon.

The novel is penned by Dr. Verghese, an infectious disease doctor at Stanford who, like his characters, was also born in Ethiopia. A powerful read, with an very engaging plot and many poignant moments intertwined into the story.

Perhaps the most interesting parts of the story for me where when the main character was himself on the path of medical training, both in his youth and then in medical school proper. There were some very profound statements Verghese used to describe the "transformation into a physician" and his own personal viewpoint on care of the patient. I found most of them surprisingly on-point despite the fact that the author is not a surgeon himself.

To be a good surgeon, you need to commit to being a good surgeon. It's as simple as that. You need to be meticulous in the small things, not just in the operating room, but outside. A good surgeon would want to redo this knot. You're going to tie thousands of knots in your lifetime. If you tie each one as well as humanly possible, you'll experience fewer complications. The big things in surgery depend on the little things.

I take heart from my fellow physicians who come to me when they themselves must suffer the knife. They know that Marion Stone will be as involved after the surgery as before and during. They know I have no use for surgical euphamisms such as "When in doubt, cut it out" or "Why wait when you can operate" other than for how reliably they reveal the shallowest intellects in our field. My father says "The operation with the best outcome is the one you decide not to do." Knowing when not to operate, knowing when I am in over my head-that kind of talent, that kind of "brilliance," goes unheralded.

I found the read quite inspiring as times. Too often in medical training, we get caught up in the drudgery of the day to day. Wake up, drink coffee, round, do work, go home, read, sleep. It's refreshing to feel inspired, because I can admit it is not often enough that I feel such as I trudge through my days.

Interviews are going well. Done with three, with four and five to come this week. My traveling karma has been good so far. No missed connections, flights on time. It's great to travel and experience new cities I haven't visited before. Gives me an appreciation for the vastness of America, but also for how similar we all are in ways that are not readily apparent. I'm also getting a better sense for what I am looking for in a program, but know that when it comes time to form a rank list, it's going to be insanely difficult.

That's it for now, off at the airport at 4:30am again tomorrow. Wake up, drink coffee, don suit, board plane... but then, luckily, I get a chance to reflect on where I am and what has brought me to this point. In the words of Dr. Verghese Life is like that. You live it forward, but understand it backward.

Leaving On A Jetplane

Last night, got to say adios to my plastics "sub-i" and scurry home to pack my belongings.

Today, I embarked on the interview trail that will take me (as of now) to 11 different states and several thousand miles. I won't see another patient until February of 2011 (which is weird to think about... 2 months in medical school without medicine?) Over the next 30 days, I'll spend 18 of them away from home. Then in January another 4 interviews. Whew.

I'm sure there will be some things learned the hard way along the way... I'll be sure to chronicle the foibles and follies here.

Empathy, Tragedy, and Progress

She was 28 years old when she first noticed the spot on her tongue.

Red and bleeding, it resembled a pinpoint ulcer along the left lateral border. She went to her doctor, with understandable concern. And he reassured her it looked like a small aphthous ulcer. He told her if it did not get better, or got larger, to come back and see him.

Shortly after that, she became pregnant with her third child. And as anyone would in that situation would likely do, concerns of small aphthous ulcers were placed into the back of her mind as her and her husband went about planning the new addition to their family. Months went by, until one day in her third trimester, she was brushing her teeth and noticed blood on the toothbrush. She took a look at her tongue again, only this time to find a large hard mass in place of the small red spot from before.

What followed was more doctors visits, biopsies, referrals, and a diagnosis... squamous cell carcinoma of the left lateral tongue. She was told there would need to be surgery, but not for another few weeks until her baby was safely delivered.

The baby was safely delivered.

It was the morning of her operation when our paths first crossed. I introduced myself to her, and the entirety of her large, supportive family in the pre-op room. I made small talk, and she spoke in articulate words with a slight British accent. I asked if she had any questions, and she shook her head no.

Back in the operating room, it was business as usual. Help transfer the patient to the OR table. SCDs on. Bovie pad on. Extra blanket on. Warm air circulating. She succumbs to the general anesthetic. Intubation successful. Rotate table 180 degrees. I go out to scrub with the attending and resident, yellow iodine dripping down my forearms into the sink. Sterile towel. Sterile gown. Gloves. Spin. Prep the operative field.

We are finally ready to begin, and we finally get a good look at the tumor. It it large, extending from the lateral edge nearly to the tip. Fingers of white parasite extending deeper into the tissue.

Calmly, the operation commences. According to the pre-operative MRI, it looked like the tumor did not creep too deep. The hope was to get in, get clean margins, and close primarily, leaving her enough residual tissue that her speech and swallowing would be largely unaffected. The dissection proceeds around the mass, and finally the bovie tip penetrates out the opposite side. Frozen sections are sent off to pathology, and we breathe a sigh of relief for the moment. We sit and absorb ourselves in the BB King playing from the iPod. We have a discussion about how much we enjoy the blues.

The phone rings, pathology on the other end. "Frozen sections show margin passing through tumor." In the passing 3 hours, more tissue was taken, more sections were sent, more phones ring, and more swear words penetrate the soft, solemn blues of BB King wafting through the air. The partial glossectomy transforms itself into a hemoglossectomy, which creeps towards a near total glossectomy with each positive margin. Finally, margins are clear and we close, folding the thin strip of remaining tongue over onto itself and securing it with the appropriate number of half hitches.

I am reminded on my last question to her before the operation, when she simply shook her head and smiled. What brings me back to that moment is that for the next few days, her sole mode of communication involves those same left-right, upwards-downwards motions. Any pain? Shake no. Comfortable? Shake yes. Ok, more of the same today. Try to get out of the bed. She turns out to be quite lucky in some ways. Her swallowing was intact. And she will eventually speak again, though not without a heavy lisp and not until the burns of the radiation therapy subside and many months of speech therapy are completed.

There were two things that stuck out to me as particularly profound about this case, about this mother of three.

First occurred during those nauseating hours in the OR as frozen section after frozen section returned with tumor as we burrowed deeper into tongue tissue. With each subsequent resection, I could not shake the feeling of how horribly I felt for the patient, that we were slowly robbing her of her chance at a normal life. Part of that is good, I think. It means these past four years of medical school have not robbed me of those intimate emotions, of the ability to feel empathy for the person prepped and draped in front of me. But I was also struck by how calmly and confidently the attending surgeon, a man I greatly respect and admire, went back to work with each setback... steadfastly marching with tenacity towards negative margins. He knew the data, but more importantly he had lived the data in his many years of practice. He knew that if we did not get clear margins, this woman in front of us would be robbed of her chance to see her children grow old. So he could bury those emotions in order to do what is necessary. Me, I could not yet detach myself from those feelings of horror, because I was not yet convinced it was necessary. Quite bluntly, I have not seen enough people die to be convinced.

It reminded me how much time and space still yet separate myself, inquisitive pitiful fourth year medical student, from the title of surgeon. Because in that situation, I'm not sure I could have done what was necessary. That was humbling to realize.

The second profound moment came the next week in clinic when the attending, chief resident, and myself saw the name of a 32 year of woman on the schedule for follow-up. She too had developed a tongue cancer noticed after becoming pregnant. She too required an operation and radiation. We got to talking, and the chief resident remembered another young woman from her second year of residency who had a tongue squamous cell. We look at her chart and notice she was pregnant. "Interesting," the attending states, and we go to see our follow-up patient. Somehow the conversation turned to what we were discussing earlier, and the patient states she also knew another young woman in the south part of the state who had tongue squamous cell. The momentum of the conversation between the three of us accelerated throughout the day. By the end of clinic, we had assembled a list of 9 young pregnant women with tongue cancer who had been operated on in the past several years. Questions floated about to the tune of the scientific method. Why pregnancy? Why are we seeing more of these tumors? What's different about these tumors? Are there unique ways of approaching treating them?

And so a hypothesis was born. And a plan. There would be a study. IRB protocols and special stains and information databases and eventually a publication. And hopefully... progress. And I thought that all is not so horrible after all.

Sub-I... Check.

Man, time flies when you're having fun, I guess. My four weeks on my otolaryngology sub-i were over in a flash. I have to admit, I was a bit nervous coming into the rotation. I felt like I had a fair amount of exposure to the field of otolaryngology, but any time you're making a decision to enter a field when you haven't spent dedicated time rotating through the specialty, you have to wonder if you'll end up enjoying it as much as you think you will. Luckily, I found a great experience during my rotation that reaffirmed rather than undermined my decision.

That being said, talk about a crash course of an experience. Doing a sub-i in a field that is only peripherally covered by the third year rotations, I found myself having to read quite a bit every night just to stay on top of the topics I may see in the clinic or OR the next day. Luckily, I got to rotate through a different service each week, so I could focus each week on learning one specific aspect of the field, be it head & neck, rhinology, peds, or facial plastics. That being said, I felt like the rotation was much less about showing what I knew and much more about showing my willingness to learn. Definitely a different experience than some of my friends who were doing sub-i's in general surgery, internal medicine, etc where you're expected to have mastered basic principles as a third year and graduated on to more patient management.

That being said, being a sub-i kicks butt compared to being a third year. The attendings know you are entering their field, and are much more willing to tolerate your presence and teach. You're given more hands-on opportunities. You're seen more as part of the team and less as a stranger passing through for a few weeks. Good times abound.

Some highlights from the four weeks:
- First assisting an entire anterior lateral thigh free flap
- Getting to perform a trachesotomy on my own
- Pulling a popcorn kernel out of a 3 year old kiddo's ear
- Draining 350cc's of pus out of a patient's neck who has a post-op infection (I'm afraid to admit... I love I&D's)
- Becoming known as "the PEG man" on service, and being paged specifically to come put one in
- First assisting an entire rhinoplasty with rib cartilage harvest
- First time getting to use the microdebrider
- First time getting to play with the DaVinci robot
- First time getting to shoot the laser

But, all good things must come to an end. My sub-i wrapped up and now I'm off on an away rotation. Living in a different, large city with only a small furniture-less room and a twin sized bed to call home. But still otolaryngology, so I can't complain. Grin.

Flying Solo

Few things represent the hierarchical and tradition-seeped natures of medicine better than the operating room. As many med students will attest, half of the battle of the general surgery rotation isn't learning the post-operative management of surgical patients or how to properly manage a wound infection - it's learning the ebb and flow of the operating room. Tales abound which serve to strike fear and trepidation into subsequent generations of medical students of students being yelled at for touching something, looking at something, breathing improperly, blinking improperly, etc, etc. There's a procedure and tradition for every minute detail of the choreography of the OR, and you are expected to know it all before you learn it all, which contributes to awkward or embarrassing moments aplenty for medical students as they rotate through. I remember when I got yelled at while participating in a patient transfer off the operating table. I was the one pulling the majority of the weight on the rollerboard, and assumed it was my responsibility to do the countdown. 3... 2... 1... I get glares. I'm told to step away from the patient and not touch anything anymore. Turns out it's always Anesthesia which does the countdown, which is logical as they are overseeing/moving the airway, everything that happens in the OR is logical, but how in the hell was I supposed to know that beforehand? Such is life sometimes for a medical student in the OR - expected to know these things, before anyone tells them. In my own limited time in the OR, I have collected a small bundle of mortifying anecdotes. The time I almost desterilized the entire instrument table with a sneeze, the time I put the SCDs on upside down, the time I almost face-planted into the operative field when I slipped on some sigmoidoscope-associated KY jelly which had dribbled onto the floor... the list goes on.

But this post isn't about embarrassment; it's about hierarchy. When standing around the surgical field, there's also a rigid structure to where one must place one's feet. Traditionally, to the upper right of the patient, by the patient's right armpit, stands the lead surgeon. The lead surgeon is, by virtue of the position, the individual in charge of directing and performing the majority of the operation. To the left of the lead surgeon stands the scrub nurse or scrub tech, whose job is to, among other things, maintain sterile technique during the operation, pass instruments to surgeon during procedure, and help perform counts of surgical instruments throughout the procedure. To the upper left of the patient resides the individual providing first assist to the operation - who, among other things, uses the bovie to cut vessels and tissues at the lead surgeon's discretion, helps provide traction to tissue planes to aid in dissection, etc. And to the right of the first assist lies the domain of the medical student: the position of second assist. Here one typically aids in the operation by holding retractors to open the operative view, use suction to remove smoke, fluid, and blood from the operative plane, and tightly covet the Mayo scissors that one uses to cut suture ties. But with the myriad of surgeries and surgical approaches out there, there's also a wide variety of places where the surgeon and assistants stand to get the best exposure into the surgical field. And just likes plays on a football field, its up to the medical student to learn where to proverbially 'line up' for the snap. In an academic institution like my own base of operations, typically a resident provides first assist during the operation and the medical student stands beside as second assist for the operation. But during chance opportunities, such as when the resident is taking the lead on a case, med students are given the opportunity to run first assist, which is infinitely more fun for obvious reasons - namely, being able to more actively participate in the case. Rarely, a med student is offered to take the lead on simple cases (appendectomies, cholecystectomies, etc), which is always something worthy of writing home about, no matter how mundane the case may be for everyone else in the OR.

So a couple weeks ago I was spending a day in the OR with the ENT surgeon who I'm doing research with and a third year resident. We were powering through several of the half dozen cases on the docket for the day and next up on the case list was a simple tonsillectomy. The resident gets called down to the ED for a consult, and suddenly the attending turns to me and says:

"Want to take a whack at it?"

The third year of med school is a lot like the game of golf. All too often, you find yourself feeling incompetent, frustrated, disheartened, or some combination of the three. As your shot out of the shrub grass careens off the tree and lands in the water hazard you didn't take into account, you begin to ask yourself why you even play this stupid game to begin with. But a handful of times during a round, the balls rises gracefully into the air and plops, like it should, down onto the green within spitting distance of that birdie. And before you know it, you're paying another set of green fees and are back for more. Likewise, third year is full of foibles and f*ckups, sometimes asking yourself why you're doing this for the rest of your life. But every once and a while, you get to see or do something incredibly cool that reminds you why you're in it in the first place. And you come back for more.

Well this moment was my proverbial 240 yard approach shot plopped down 6 inches from the pin. The first time I get to take the lead during an operation. I step into position above the patient's head and gaze down at the base of the mouth. Just as I get bovie in hand, the attending laughs and says: "Don't worry... the first tonsillectomy I ever scrubbed on, the patient lost 1800ml of blood. The bar's set pretty low." Great. My resting tremor kicks up a couple notches.

But before I know it, we're off. I go in alongside the anterior tonsillar pillar, find the capsule, and before I know it, the procedure is over. Less nervous than I thought I'd be, but still trying to contain the 8 year old inside of me jumping off the walls going "WOW! That was COOL! Let's do it AGAIN! WHEEEE!"

Yup, back for more.

Choosing a Medical Specialty (Part Dos/Deux/II/0b10)

As a continuation on my previous thoughts on picking a medical specialty, I've once again channeled my Dear Abby and have a new column up over at Headmirror.com.

Check it out here: Why ENT? Choosing a specialty and what drew me to ENT (navigate to Medical Students -> Blizzog)

New content... but not here

As I mentioned before, I'm going to be guest authoring over at headmirror.com with articles talking about my experiences pursuing an ENT residency, and hopefully offering some good advice and useful information along the way. Sort of like Dear Abby, but without the botox or perm.

Anyways, my first post is up. You can check it out here (navigate to the Medical Students section), if you're feeling whimsical.

And now... a picture of a kitten.